Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: NOAA Pacific Island Fisheries Science Center 
      Coral Reef Ecosystem Division Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center
      Publication_Date: 20070301
      Title: Gridded bathymetry of Pioneer Bank, Hawaii, USA
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: digital data
      Online_Linkage: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc
  Description:
    Abstract: Gridded bathymetry of the shelf and slope environments of
      Pioneer Bank, Hawaii, USA. Bottom coverage was achieved in depths between 
      20 and 1000 meters. The ASCII includes multibeam bathymetry from the Simrad EM120
      and Simrad EM1002 multibeam sonars collected as of October 2006 by the NOAA Coral Reef 
      Ecosystem Division in depths between 20 and 5000 meters. 
    Purpose:
	This ASCII was created using data gathered from multibeam soundings for use as a
	planning and reference document. The data are also being used for benthic habitat
	mapping, for locating Essential Fish Habitat, and for studying geologic features of
	the area. Refer to supplemental information for description of instrument and survey.
    Supplemental_Information:
	Multibeam data were collected aboard the R/V Kilo Moana, a 186’ United States
	Navy owned research vessel. The R/V Kilo Moana's survey sensors include a 
	12 kHz Simrad EM120 sonar and a 95 kHz Simrad EM1002 sonar, which provide 
	bathymetry and imagery data, a TSS/Applanix POS/MV Model 320, which measures position, 
	velocity, attitude and heading, and a Sippican MK-21/PC based XBT system plus a
	Seabird SBE 9/11 CTD both of which measured sound velocity profiles.

	Specific equipment configurations are documented in metadata from cruise KM0206. 
	These metadata can be accessed at:
	http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_cruise-catalog.htm

  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times: 
        Beginning_Date: 20021022
        Ending_Date: 20021116
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -173.651762
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -173.193164
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 26.202893
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 25.744102
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Thesaurus Version 1.0
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor Topography > Bathymetry
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry
      Theme_Keyword: Multibeam sonar
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Pioneer Bank
      Place_Keyword: Hawaii
      Place_Keyword: Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
      Place_Keyword: United States of America
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Thesaurus Version 1.0
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Central Pacific Ocean > Hawaiian Islands > Pioneer Bank
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > Honolulu 
  Access_Constraints: 
  Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used for navigation purposes.
    Please acknowledge NOAA and the Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research,
    University of Hawaii as the sources of this information.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), 
          Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred  
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name: Pioneer_20m.jpg
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Multibeam Bathymetry
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: JPEG
  Data_Set_Credit: PIBHMC, CRED, PIFSC, NOAA and JIMAR  
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: ArcGIS ASCII file created in a LINUX environment
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Data are collected for resource management
      and research purposes and are tested for internal consistency; however,
      no effort is made to compare these data to external references or to 
      other published data.  
  Logical_Consistency_Report: These data are believed to be logically consistent
      though no tests were performed
  Completeness_Report: Complete
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
        Horizontal positioning system: GPS (SPS)
        Horizontal position accuracy: 25 m
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 1 m
        Raw sounding resolution: Variable
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
     Process_Description: 
       Multibeam swath files are acquired in the Generic Sensor Format (GSF) and
	 are edited on a swath by swath basis using SAIC's SABER editing software. 
	 The edited swath files are then combined into a Pure File Magic (PFM) format
	 in SABER and area based editing is performed. The edited PFM is then exported 
	 as X,Y,Z points with a defined grid cell size. The resulting X,Y,Z data are then 
	 gridded using xyz2grd, a Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) algorithm that converts 
	 an ASCII or binary table to a netCDF grid file format. GMT is an open source 
	 collection of tools for manipulating geographic data sets. Grid nodes with more 
	 than one value are set to the average value and unconstrained nodes are set to 
	 NaN. Finally, the netCDF grid is clipped at a depth that minimizes data gaps 
	 for the specified grid cell size and then converted to an ArcGIS ASCII file 
	 format using LINUX/UNIX commands in combination with GMT. Additional information 
	 about GMT can be found at: www.soest.hawaii.edu/gmt and additional information 
	 about the multibeam data processing is recorded in the cruise metadata.
     Process_Date: 20070202
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
    Row_Count: 2501
    Column_Count: 2251
    Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method:
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 20
          Ordinate_Resolution: 20
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: 2
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.9996
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -171
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0
            False_Easting: 500000
            False_Northing: 0
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
  Vertical_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Depth_System_Definition:
      Depth_Datum_Name: mean lower low water
      Depth_Resolution:  0.01 meters
      Depth_Distance_Units: meters
      Depth_Encoding_Method: Attribute values
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview:
      Depth values are real values based on the average of the 
      soundings that fell within the extracted grid cells.  The number of 
      soundings per grid cell range from >1000 soundings in shallow depths
      to as few as 20 soundings in deeper areas.  A total error budget for
      this survey has not been developed. Therefore, the accuracy of depth
      measurements should be considered to be within 1 meter. 
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: none
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), 
          Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred  
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability:
    These data are not to be used for navigational purposes.
    NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, nor
    does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. NOAA cannot
    assume liability for any damages caused by any errors or omissions in
    these data, nor as a result of the failure of these data to function
    on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form: Arc ASCII
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Arc ASCII
        Format_Information_Content:
          Arc ASCII can be converted to Arc Raster using ArcToolbox Conversion Tools.
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc
    Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20070213
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), 
          Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred  
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: Universal Time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None