Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Hogrefe Natural Systems Analysis in collaboration with
        Davey Jones Locker GIS Laboratory, Oregon State Universtiy for 
        Coral Reef Ecosystem Division, NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries 
        Science Center, Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center
      Publication_Date: 20081124
      Title: Mosaic of gridded bathymetry derived from multispectral IKONOS 
        satellite imagery of Tau Island, Territory of American Samoa, USA
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: raster digital data
      Online_Linkage: http://soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/pibhmc_amsamoa_tau_bathy.htm
  Description:
    Abstract: Bathymetry is derived from multpectral IKONOS satellite data
      and mosaiced in preparation for integration with multibeam bathymetry.
      Bathymetry values shallower than 15 m were derived by gauging the 
      reletive attenuation of blue and green spectral radiance as a function 
      of depth.  A multiple linear regression analysis of linearized blue and 
      green spectral values against depth determined the variables of 
      y-intercept, blue slope and green slope values.  Variables then used in 
      multivariate slope intercept formula to derive depth. Variables were 
      adjusted to improve the statistical accuracy of the final derived 
      bathymetry product. Digital image processing to derive depths conducted 
      with the ENVI 4.3 software program while data editing and integration 
      was performed using ArcGIS 9.3.  This data set is for the shelf 
      environment of Tau Island, American Samoa.
    Purpose:
      The data were derived in support of NOAA Coral Reef Conservation 
      Program goals. Goal 1 is to map all U.S. Coral Reef Ecosystems.  
      This data set specifically addresses Objective 1 and 4: to develop 
      high-resolution benthic maps and to characterize priority deep 
      water reefs and associated habitats.  This integration of derived 
      bathymetry provides a GIS layer enabling expanded spatial coverage that 
      may be used for benthic and essential fish habitat characterization, and 
      for the study of geologic features. By combining the dataset with other 
      bathymetry, backscatter, derivatives, and in situ data, they collectively 
      compose benthic habitat maps designed to be used to understand and predict 
      shallow depth (0m to 150m) benthic habitats for organisms that inhabit 
      coral reef ecosystems.
    Supplemental_Information:
      Original IKONOS imagery was purchased to support the Pacific Islands
      Geographic Information System (GIS) project and National Ocean Service's 
      (NOS) coral mapping activities. Orthographically corrected IKONOS Imagery 
      was provided by NOAA's National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science, Center 
      for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment. The metadata for this IKONOS 
      imagery is documented in the product metadata, tau_msi_metadata_2003.txt.
      http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/    

  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Range_of_Dates/Times:
        Beginning_Date: 20021107
        Ending_Date: 20040212
    Currentness_Reference: ground condition
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: As needed
  Spatial_Domain: 
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -169.520429
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -169.415712
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.208111
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: -14.278196
  Keywords: 
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Keyword Thesaurus 200806
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor 
         Topography > Bathymetry
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Keyword Thesaurus 200806
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Oceans > Bathymetry/Seafloor 
         Topography > Water Depth
    Theme: 
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Theme Keyword Thesaurus 200806
      Theme_Keyword: EARTH SCIENCE > Biosphere > Zoology > Corals > 
         Reef Monitoring and Assessment > Remote Sensing > Satellite 
         (digital scans) > IKONOS
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: Slope
      Theme_Keyword: Bathymetry
      Theme_Keyword: Multibeam sonar
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Tau Island
      Place_Keyword: American Samoa
      Place_Keyword: United States of America
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Keywords by Ocean - Pacific Ocean
        April 2007 (without Great Barrier Reef)
      Place_Keyword: OCEAN BASIN > Pacific Ocean > Manu'a Group > Ta'u 
        Island (14S169W0012)
    Place: 
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: CoRIS Place Keywords by Country/Territory - 
        Pacific Ocean November 2007 (without Great Barrier Reef)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > American 
        Samoa > American Samoa > Ta'u Island (14S169W0012)
      Place_Keyword: COUNTRY/TERRITORY > United States of America > Hawaii > 
        Honolulu 
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: These data are not to be used for navigation 
    purposes. Please acknowledge NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries 
    Science Center, the Joint Institute for Marine and 
    Atmospheric Research (JIMAR) University of Hawaii and Davey 
    Jones Locker GIS Laboratory Oregon State University as the 
    sources of this information.
  Point_of_Contact: 
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), 
          Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
  Browse_Graphic:
    Browse_Graphic_File_Name:  ftp://ftp.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc/website/data/amsamoa/bathymetry/Tau_bathymetry_all.pdf
    Browse_Graphic_File_Description: Derived Bathymetry
    Browse_Graphic_File_Type: PDF
  Data_Set_Credit: NOAA PIFSC CRED, the Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat 
    Mapping Center and Davey Jones Locker GIS Laboratory 
    Oregon State University
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: ArcGIS ASCII file or ArcGIS Grid file, 
    bathymetry derived from 4x4m multispectral satellite imagery (IKONOS)
    using ENVI 4.3, multibeam and derived bathymetry were integrated using
    ArcGIS 9.3
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Data are collected for resource 
        management and research purposes and are tested for 
        internal consistency; however, no effort is made to compare 
        these data to external references or to other published data.  
  Logical_Consistency_Report: These data are believed to be logically 
        consistent though no tests were performed
  Completeness_Report: Complete
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report:
        Horizontal positioning system: GPS C/A
        Horizontal position accuracy: 25 meters
    Vertical_Positional_Accuracy:
      Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: 
        Range resolution of sonar: varies with depth
        Raw sounding resolution: varies with depth
        Vertical accuracy of gridded sonar product: ~ 1% of water depth
        Vertical accuracy of derived bathymetry product: 5 meter range 
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Date: 20081120
      Process_Description: 
        Multiple tools in ENVI 4.3 were used to complete the following 
        processing steps: Data conversion from digital number to radiance,
        correction for atmosphere and water surface reflection, 
        linearization of spectral decay as function of depth, masking of 
        non-applicable values, and bathymetric derivation using variables
        from multiple linear regression analysis.  Multiple tools in 
        ArcGIS 9.3 were used for dataset integration and to extract values 
        for the multiple linear regression analysis and subsequent error 
        analyses.  The statisitcs program S-Plus was used for the multiple
        linear regression analysis to provide original variables for depth
        derivation.  The multivariate slope intercept formula used to 
        derive depth was Depth=Yint+(Mblue)(Xblue)+(Mgreen)(Xgreen). Three 
        derived products, two from the same image (Tau02) and one from an 
        additional image (Tau00) were integrated to expand coverage.  The
        original variables for Tau02 were Yint=8.5332, Mblue=-7.9868, and 
        Mgreen= 23.6889. For the first product used in the mosaic (BD12), 
        the slope values were reduced to Mblue=-6.9868 and Mgreen=22.6889 
        to increase depth estimates in shallow areas. In an attempt to 
        improve accuracy, the spectral data were re-linearized and new 
        multiple linear regression produced the variables Yint=1.8707, 
        Mblue=-4.2392 and Mgreen=12.9777. These variables resulted in 
        the second product (DB14) used in the mosaic.  The third product 
        (DB12) was derived from Tau00 to fill a gap in the NW corner of the 
        island not covered by Tau02. The original MLR variables were Yint=
        19.6442, Mblue=-7.8246 and Mgreen=27.4854.  The slope values were 
        changed to Mblue=-2.8246 and Mgreen=22.4854 to increase depth 
        estimates in shallow areas. While compiling the derived bathymetry 
        mosaic, Tau02-DB12 values were prioritized over Tau02-DB14 values 
        and Tau02 values (DB12/14) were prioritized over Tau00-DB12 values.
        A detailed description of all processing steps is available at: 
        http://oregonstate.edu/~hogrefek/Cookbook/Cookbook_042108.pdf
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Pixel
    Row_Count: 1536
    Column_Count: 2250
    Vertical_Count: 1
Spatial_Reference_Information:
  Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
    Planar:
      Planar_Coordinate_Information:
        Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: row and column
        Coordinate_Representation:
          Abscissa_Resolution: 5.000000
          Ordinate_Resolution: 5.000000
        Planar_Distance_Units: meters
      Grid_Coordinate_System:
        Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator
        Universal_Transverse_Mercator:
          UTM_Zone_Number: -2
          Transverse_Mercator:
            Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600
            Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -171.000000
            Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000
            False_Easting: 500000.000000
            False_Northing: 10000000.000000
    Geodetic_Model:
      Horizontal_Datum_Name: D_WGS_1984
      Ellipsoid_Name: WGS_1984
      Semi-major_Axis: 6378137.000000
      Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 298.257224
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), 
          Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
  Resource_Description: Downloadable Data
  Distribution_Liability:
    These data are not to be used for navigational purposes.
    NOAA makes no warranty regarding these data, expressed or implied, 
    nor does the fact of distribution constitute such a warranty. 
    NOAA cannot assume liability for any damages caused by any errors 
    or omissions in these data, nor as a result of the failure of 
    these data to function on a particular system.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form: 
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Arc Grid
        Format_Information_Content: Arc Grid can be opened directly using 
          ArcMap or ArcCatalog.
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/pibhmc
    Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20081028
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information: 
      Contact_Organization_Primary: 
        Contact_Organization: Pacific Islands Benthic Habitat Mapping Center (PIBHMC), Coral Reef Ecosystem Division (CRED), 
          Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center (PIFSC), NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)
      Contact_Address: 
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 1680 East-West Road POST 833
        City: Honolulu
        State_or_Province: HI
        Postal_Code: 96822
        Country: USA
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 808-956-5239
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pibhmc@soest.hawaii.edu
      Contact_Instructions: e-mail preferred
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standards for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: Universal Time
  Metadata_Access_Constraints: None
  Metadata_Use_Constraints: None